ULTRAPROCESSED FOOD? NATION¿ From THE MORNING AM NEWSPAPER

Good morning. Apologies that you’re getting this newsletter later than usual. It’s because Amazon Web Services — which supports many websites, including nytimes.com — had outages overnight. It’s coming back online, but you may have trouble logging on elsewhere today. Read the latest. Here’s what else is happening: • Gaza: Israel temporarily suspended aid and attacked Gaza after it accused Hamas of violating a cease-fire. • Crown jewel heist: Thieves used a portable electric ladder to break into a second-floor wing of the Louvre and steal jewels from Napoleon’s reign. More news is below. But first, we look at how ultraprocessed foods overtook grocery shelves and American diets. Jessica Attie for The New York Times Ultraprocessed nation By Alice Callahan Alice Callahan, a Times reporter, has a Ph.D. in nutrition. Humans have been processing food for millenniums. Hunter-gatherers ground wild wheat to make bread; factory workers canned fruit for soldiers during the Civil War. But in the late 1800s, food companies began concocting products that were wildly different from anything people could make themselves. Coca-Cola came in 1886, Jell-O in 1897, and Crisco in 1911. Spam, Velveeta, Kraft Mac & Cheese and Oreos arrived in the decades that followed. Foods like these often promised ease and convenience. Some of them filled the bellies of soldiers in World War II. Eventually, these products overtook grocery shelves and American diets. Now they are among the greatest health threats of our time. How did we get here? Today’s newsletter is a tour through food history. Wartime innovation During World War II, shelf-stable foods were developed to feed soldiers. During World War II, companies devised shelf-stable foods for soldiers — powdered cheeses, dehydrated potatoes, canned meats and melt-resistant chocolate bars. They infused new additives like preservatives, flavorings and vitamins. And they packaged the foods in novel ways to withstand wet beach landings and days at the bottom of a rucksack. After the war, food companies realized that they could adapt this foxhole cuisine into profitable convenience foods for the masses. Advertisements told homemakers that these products offered superior nutrition and could save them time in the kitchen. Wonder Bread commercials from the 1950s, for instance, claimed its vitamins and minerals would help children “grow bigger and stronger.” An ad for Swift’s canned hamburgers boasted that they were “out of the can and onto the bun” in minutes. Getty Images More women found work outside the home, and by the mid-1970s, they spent much less time cooking. But they were still expected to feed their families. Fish sticks, frozen waffles and TV dinners filled modern freezers, and convenience foods became more popular. These products weren’t all ultraprocessed — some were just whole foods that had been frozen or canned with a simple ingredient, like salt. Still, people got used to the idea that packaged goods could replace cooking from scratch. An explosion By the 1970s, innovations in fertilizer, pesticide and crop development, along with farm subsidies, led to a glut of grain. Companies turned it into ingredients like high-fructose corn syrup and modified starch to fill sugary cereals, sodas and fast foods. In the 1980s, investors wanted food manufacturers to show larger profits, so they developed thousands of new drinks and snacks and marketed them aggressively. (Have a look at how the ads changed over the last century.) The tobacco companies Philip Morris and R.J. Reynolds diversified into the food industry, dominating it through the early 2000s. They applied the same marketing techniques that they crafted to sell cigarettes — targeting children and certain racial and ethnic groups. Kraft, owned by Philip Morris, created Kool-Aid flavors for the Hispanic market and handed out coupons and samples at cultural events for Black Americans. Obesity tripled in children and doubled in adults between the mid-1970s and the early 2000s. A health crisis Getty Images By the 21st century, you couldn’t walk through a school cafeteria, a supermarket or an airport without being inundated by ultraprocessed foods. Obesity kept rising, and food companies addressed it by making products they marketed as “healthier,” like low-carb breakfast cereals, shakes and bagels; artificially sweetened ice creams and yogurts; and snacks like Oreos and Doritos in smaller, 100-calorie packs. They were popular, but they did not make us healthier. Scientists soon linked ultraprocessed foods to Type 2 diabetes, cognitive decline and cardiovascular disease. For generations, obesity had been seen as a problem of willpower — caused by eating too much and exercising too little. But in the last decade, research on ultraprocessed foods has challenged that notion, suggesting that these foods may drive us to eat more. Today, scientists, influencers, advocates and politicians publicly condemn ultraprocessed foods, which represent about 70 percent of the U.S. food supply. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. calls them “poison.” Are we at a tipping point? Maybe. There are signs that people are eating slightly fewer of these foods. But our reliance on ultraprocessed food was “decades in the making,” one expert told me, and “could take decades to reverse.” THE LATEST NEWS Trump Administration • The U.S. military killed three men and destroyed another boat it suspected of smuggling drugs for Colombian rebels, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said. • Colombia’s president accused the U.S. of killing an innocent fisherman in a boat attack last month. President Trump said he would slash aid in response. • An immigration raid on an apartment building in Chicago followed years of crime, and neglect by landlords. It swept up dozens of U.S. citizens who were detained in the middle of the night. • The Trump administration is deploying the Border Patrol to arrest immigrants in cities farther from the border. What powers does it have across the country? International The Louvre in Paris. Kiran Ridley/Getty Images • In all, yesterday’s brazen daylight robbery at the Louvre in Paris took no longer than seven minutes. • The stolen items include glittering royal tiaras, necklaces and earrings. See what they look like. Middle East • The clashes in Gaza revealed the cease-fire’s fragility, with a rougher road ahead, David Halbfinger writes. • Paterson, N.J., is the longtime center of New Jersey’s Palestinian community. Its members reflected on how the war in Gaza had changed them. • Relief and grief: What Jewish New Yorkers feel after the hostage release. Other Big Stories • An Emirates cargo plane slid off the runway at Hong Kong International Airport and hit a patrol vehicle, killing two ground crew members, local officials said. • In China, a forbidden question looms: Who will lead the country after Xi Jinping? • Food allergies in children have dropped since new guidelines encouraged parents to introduce infants to peanuts, a study found. • Grand theft otter: Sea otters near Santa Cruz, Calif., have started taking surfboards from the area’s wave riders again. OPINIONS Prioritizing housing — not mental health services or employment — is what ends homelessness, Philip Mangano writes. Chatbots might sometimes be able to stand in for therapists and teachers, but they can’t replace human creativity, Margaret Renkl writes. Here are columns by David French on the Young Republicans and Carlos Lozada on speaking Spanish. Morning readers: Save on the complete Times experience. Experience all of The Times, all in one subscription — all with this introductory offer. You’ll gain unlimited access to news and analysis, plus games, recipes, product reviews and more. MORNING READS Patrick Hill, a registered nurse. Mark Abramson for The New York Times From N.F.L. to nursing: A handful of players are choosing scrubs after leaving football. Furry roommate: He swore he would never leave downtown Manhattan. But when a cat named Lucy came into his life, plans changed. Travel basics: Oops! You broke something at an Airbnb. Here’s what to do next. The New Yorker’s Femme Fatale: Alison Rose started at the magazine as a receptionist and found her way into its pages with her idiosyncratic essays and profiles. She died at 81. SPORTS M.L.B.: The Blue Jays forced a winner-take-all Game 7 in the A.L.C.S. with a 6-2 victory over the Mariners. Toronto hosts Seattle tonight, with the winner advancing to play the Dodgers in the World Series. N.F.L.: The Broncos scored 33 points in the fourth quarter, the most a team has ever scored after being shut out through three periods, to pull off a 33-32 comeback win over the Giants. N.H.L.: The Sharks apologized after a message displayed on the scoreboard appeared to praise U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement on Hispanic Heritage Night. ARTS AND IDEAS Amina Gingold for The New York Times The Metropolitan Museum of Art has long been heralded as a temple of beauty; a labyrinth of marble gods, shimmering Impressionist landscapes and silken kimonos that promises an orderly march of human history. But in October, the spookiest month, another museum reveals itself: a theater of phantoms. Here are the museum’s 20 scariest artworks. They tell a story of saints and sinners, monsters and myths. Follow their trail and the Met Museum starts to feel like a haunted house. More on culture: This week’s episode of “S.N.L.” featured Sabrina Carpenter as both host and musical guest. THE MORNING RECOMMENDS … David Malosh for The New York Times. Food Stylist: Barrett Washburne. Enjoy one-pot roasted garlic pasta. Enhance your home with these essential-oil diffusers. Spend 36 hours in Majorca. Watch “Nobody Wants This” and six other recommendations. GAMES Here is today’s Spelling Bee. Yesterday’s pangrams were befitting, benefiting and benefitting. And here are today’s Mini Crossword, Wordle, Connections, Sports Connections and Strands. Thanks for spending part of your morning with The Times. See you tomorrow. Sign up here to get this newsletter in your inbox. Reach our team at themorning@nytimes.com. Editor: Adam B. Kushner News Editor: Tom Wright-Piersanti Associate Editor: Lauren Jackson News Staff: Evan Gorelick, Brent Lewis, Ashley Wu News Assistant: Lyna Bentahar Saturday Writer: Melissa Kirsch

WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP?

This word sounds a bit dfifficult to pronounce but it is quite relevant nowadays READ THIS ARTICLE AND COMMENT IN CLASS https://www.shopify.com/blog/why-is-entrepreneurship-important?term=&adid=775765067439&campaignid=19685764045&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=google&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=19685764045&gbraid=0AAAAADiv1InaToIHDQmCffZrJ5Yjc7GQC&gclid=CjwKCAjwmNLHBhA4EiwA3ts3mSCGlkphEdCqQehFOusCZQutXFnFlEdGdm1Gm-KGRkZTm1cQBjxaJRoCxKwQAvD_BwE

ENTREPRENEURSHIP : RUN YOUR OWN BUSINESS

Reasons to start and successfully run a business In this post, get ready to discover some of the main motivations for becoming an entrepreneur and building a successful business. Motivaciones para emprender Entrepreneurship is much more than starting a business; it is a journey full of dreams, challenges, and the possibility of transforming reality. Entrepreneurs seek not only to make a living but also to solve problems and leave a mark on the world. Although each person has their own reasons, there are common factors that inspire them to move forward. According to the GEM Spain 2022-2023 report, the main motivation for more than 70% of entrepreneurs is "making a living due to a lack of jobs." Among the secondary motivations highlighted in the report are "generating great wealth or a very high income," "making a difference in the world," or "continuing a family tradition." Each entrepreneur has a unique motivation and personal story that has driven them to venture into creating a project. This path, although full of challenges, also offers opportunities for personal growth and the realization of dreams and goals. In this post, get ready to discover what drives you as an entrepreneur and how you can channel that energy toward achieving your goals. What does entrepreneurship mean to you? What qualities or skills do you need to possess? Are entrepreneurs born or made? Do you need to have a "special knack" for entrepreneurship? We will examine these questions, from economic necessity to the search for purpose and the desire to leave a lasting legacy. Each motivation has its importance and its story. Here are various motivations that can drive entrepreneurship, along with real cases of entrepreneurs, from those in the early stages to those who have sold to large companies. These examples can inspire you to find your path when it comes to entrepreneurship. Personal Fulfillment. The passion for a project can be the engine that drives some people to pursue their dreams. However, besides passion, discipline and knowledge are required to achieve success in any venture. More and more people, who do not feel fulfilled in their jobs, decide to take the leap and dedicate themselves to what they are truly passionate about while maintaining the income generated by their employment. Economic Aspects. The possibility of earning high incomes is a strong motivator for many people to become entrepreneurs. A successful business can offer financial stability and a substantial increase in income compared to a traditional job. However, the path to success is not easy and often requires more dedication than a standard workday. Carlos Martínez, former founder of Enjoyers and founder of Tengo Mentalidad Emprendedora, comments on his motivations for entrepreneurship and how they have evolved over time. Initially, he was motivated by "making money," but over time he has experienced a growing trend towards personal fulfillment: "When I started at 20, I became an entrepreneur for money because I wanted to be a millionaire. As I matured, I realized that entrepreneurship for money makes no sense; you have to do it out of a desire to solve a problem. That is, you are so motivated by this problem that you don't expect monetary return as a major motivation. The money may or may not come, and it's usually not in the amounts we imagine. Now, however, I become an entrepreneur for freedom and for projects that motivate me." Independence. The search for independence, both financial and personal, is another great motivation. Being your own boss gives you control over your destiny, allows you to make your own decisions, and work on your own terms. The autonomy achieved through entrepreneurship also provides greater flexibility to balance personal and professional life, helping you design a lifestyle that better suits your needs and priorities. This is a significant motivation for those seeking a more satisfying balance in their daily lives, as in the case of Beatriz Turumbay, External CPO of Code Contract, who comments that "becoming your own boss gives you a new vision of the work environment. But above all, being independent pushes you to be the first and last responsible for each of the steps executed from bottom to top, to risk making decisions without a safety net, and to trust your intuition and the trial/error of past experiences, to make decisions that lead your company to a good port." Personal Changes. Significant moments in personal or professional life, such as a career change, unemployment, a move, or a new life stage like parenthood, can be triggering factors for entrepreneurship. These transitions often inspire people to reevaluate their goals and aspirations, which can lead to the decision to start their own project and pursue dreams that previously seemed unattainable. An example of motivation for personal change is the case of Paula Villamarín, CEO of LinkedAI, who argues that "Every step I have taken, whether moving to a new country or making a strategic pivot, has been key to realizing my vision. Facing and embracing changes is a determining factor in my career as a CEO in the AI industry; in the end, it is the path to our true potential." Social Impact. The desire to have a positive impact on the community or the world is another key motivation. These people not only seek material success but also aim to contribute to solving social, economic, or environmental problems. Social entrepreneurs, in particular, are driven by the mission to create significant and lasting change. Mercedes Boyero, CEO and co-founder of ONKLUB, comments that "I became an entrepreneur to create opportunities and generate a positive impact on society, guiding young talents and helping them find their first jobs. My goal is for others not to face the same difficulties I experienced." Personal Development. The desire to develop new skills, face challenges, and continually grow drives other people to launch their own projects. Entrepreneurship not only allows them to learn in practice but also to discover new abilities and strengthen their confidence. Gerónimo Marsico, CEO of TwinTune, recounts that "At 16, I became an entrepreneur with the goal of personal improvement and to be a financial support for my family. My goal is to inspire other young people to face their fears and also surpass themselves." In addition to all these motivations, many entrepreneurs are driven by the desire to leave a lasting legacy. They want to build something that endures over time, transcending their own lives and contributing positively to society and the world at large. From this desire, entrepreneurs can make strategic decisions that go beyond immediate profits, seeking a lasting and meaningful impact on their community and the world. This motivation is exemplified in figures like Elon Musk, who emphasizes, "I always have optimism, but I'm realistic. I didn't start Tesla or SpaceX with the expectation of great success. I just thought they were important enough to do anyway," or Carlota Pi, CEO and co-founder who comments that "we created Holaluz to change the world." Remember that your motivations may change over time, just like your project, but the desire to be an entrepreneur always remains. The challenge lies in discovering how to integrate that motivation with your project.